With mid-August rolling in, I know we are all anticipating the beginning of the coming school year. While going back to school brings about a lot of exciting changes, kiddos being at school together also helps build the perfect breeding ground for bacteria and viruses, which then spread illnesses throughout communities! This is why there are mandatory vaccines that are required for children to attend school.

Today we’ll review what the required vaccines are to ensure that your child is ready for the beginning of this school year.

Vaccinations help to prevent disease by imitating an infection and stimulating an immune response in the body. It teaches the body what a specific bacteria or virus will look like so that the body will remember how to fight against the bacteria/virus if it encounters it again.

The illnesses that the vaccines below protect against can be very contagious, for the most part,  and often very severe when contracted, so it is important that we do all we can to prevent them.

(Vaccine – disease that it prevents)

MMR – measles, mumps, rubella

This is a childhood vaccination; it is a two-step series that requires one vaccine to be given at 12-15 months, and the second vaccination to be given at 4-6 years old. If your child is out of this age range, they can complete a catch-up schedule of the two-dose series at least four weeks apart.

Varicella – chicken pox

This is a childhood vaccination. It is a two-step series that recommends one vaccine to be given at 12-15 months, and the second vaccination to be given at 4-6 years old. However, the second dose may be given as early as three months after the first dose. For catch up vaccination, a two-dose series is still recommended. If the child is 7-12 years old, the recommended interval between doses is three months. If they 13 years or older, the typical interval between doses is 4-8 weeks.

Hep B – Hepatitis B

Hepatitis B vaccination begins in childhood. The first vaccination is given at birth, then the second step is given at age 1-2 months, and the last dose should be given at age 6-18 months. If a child aged 11-15 has never received a Hep B vaccination, they may use an alternative two-dose series with four months between doses. If older than 18 years, there are a few different catch-up options, and your doctor can help to determine the most appropriate plan of action.

IPV – Poliomyelitis

This is a childhood vaccination, and is a four-step series. The first immunization should be given at two months, the second one at four months, the third between 6 and 18 months, and then the last at 4-6 years old. The last dose should be given at least 6 months after the first dose. For catch-up dosing, refer to your doctor to determine the best plan of action. Polio vaccination is readily recommended after age 18, and is a little more nuanced for those younger than 18 that were not vaccinated in early childhood.

DTaP – tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough)

DTaP is given to children younger than the age of 7. It is given at 2 months, 4 months, 6 months, 15-18 months, and at 4-6 years for a total of a 5-dose series. If dose four was given at age 4 or older and at least 6 months after dose 3, and the fifth dose may not be necessary. Refer to Tdap section to learn more about a catch-up schedule.

Tdap – tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis

The booster of the DTaP vaccine is called Tdap and should be given at age 11-12. After that, it is recommended once every 10 years. If a child aged 7-18 was not fully vaccinated with DTaP, one dose of Tdap can be given as part of the catch-up series. If a child received Tdap before the ages of 10, they should also receive the routine vaccination at age 11-12. If a child received DTaP after age 10, that may be counted as the routine adolescent Tdap vaccination.

MenACWY – meningococcal disease

This vaccine begins at age 11-12 to start a two-dose series. The second dose should be given at age 16. If a child needs catch-up vaccination and they are aged 13-15, give one dose now and then a booster dose at 16-18 years. The minimum interval between these two doses is 8 weeks. If needing catch-up vaccination and aged 16-18 years, one dose is sufficient.

Influenza (flu) vaccination is also recommended as one dose each year starting at 6 months of age. COVID vaccination may be started at 6 months of age, and the number of doses will be dependent on the child’s age as well as the type of vaccination used.

If you have concern for your child receiving a particular vaccination, speak with their doctor to determine if the exception criteria for school requirements is fitting for your child (for example, a child may be exempt from the chicken pox vaccine if they have contracted chicken pox before, because their body has already previously built an immune response to the virus before and will likely remember how to fight of the virus again if it has to). A doctor’s note outlining reasoning for exemption may be required by school administration.

Resources:

“2023 Recommended Immunizations for Children from Birth through 6 Years Old.” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, www.cdc.gov/vaccines/parents/downloads/parent-ver-sch-0-6yrs.pdf. Accessed 18 Aug. 2023.

“2023 Recommended Immunizations for Children 7-18 Years Old.” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedules/downloads/teen/parent-version-schedule-7-18yrs.pdf. Accessed 18 Aug. 2023.

“Birth-18 Years Immunization Schedule – Healthcare Providers.” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Apr. 2023, www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedules/hcp/imz/child-adolescent.html.

“Section 3313.671: Proof of Required Immunizations – Exceptions.” Ohio Laws and Administrative Rules, Legislative Service Commission, 15 Oct. 2015, codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/section-3313.671.

The transition from carefree summer days to the structured routine of school can often spark anxiety in both children and parents. This back-to-school anxiety is a common experience, but it can be managed effectively with proactive strategies. By understanding the sources of anxiety and implementing practical coping techniques, both children and parents can navigate this transition with greater ease and confidence.

For Children:

1. Open Conversations: Encourage open conversations about school. Ask your child how they feel about returning, what excites them, and what worries them. Validating their feelings and showing empathy can help alleviate their anxiety.
2. Positive Visualization: Help your child visualize positive outcomes. Encourage them to imagine themselves succeeding in different school scenarios, like making new friends or understanding a challenging subject.
3. Familiarity Breeds Comfort: Visit the school before it starts. Familiarity with the school environment can help reduce anxiety. Walk around the campus, locate classrooms, and discuss their daily routine to make them feel more at ease.
4. Establish a Routine: Reestablishing a routine before school starts can help children ease into the transition. Gradually adjust bedtime, wake-up times, and meal schedules to align with the school routine.
5. Stay Organized: Help your child get organized with school supplies and materials. This can give them a sense of control and preparedness, which reduces anxiety about being unprepared.
6. Stay Positive: Share stories of your own school experiences and highlight the positive aspects. Remind them of the fun they’ll have with friends, engaging activities, and new learning opportunities.

For Parents:

1. Empathetic Listening: Pay attention to your child’s concerns and anxieties. Listen without judgment and show empathy, which will help them feel understood and supported.
2. Lead by Example: If you, as a parent, show enthusiasm about the upcoming school year, your child is more likely to adopt a positive outlook as well.
3. Establish a Transition Period: Gradually transition from the relaxed summer schedule to the school routine. This can help ease the abrupt shift and allow both you and your child to adapt more smoothly.
4. Collaborate with Teachers: Build a strong relationship with your child’s teacher. Having a clear line of communication can help you stay informed about your child’s progress and address any concerns promptly.
5. Practice Relaxation Techniques: Teach your child relaxation techniques such as deep breathing, mindfulness, or simple yoga stretches. These techniques can be invaluable tools for managing anxiety.
6. Encourage Problem-Solving: Teach your child problem-solving skills to address challenges that may arise at school. Knowing they have strategies to handle various situations can boost their confidence.
7. Celebrate Achievements: Acknowledge your child’s accomplishments, no matter how small. Celebrating milestones can boost their self-esteem and help them feel more confident in their abilities.
8. Limit Over-Scheduling: While extracurricular activities are valuable, be mindful not to over-schedule your child, which can lead to burnout and increased anxiety.
9. Healthy Lifestyle Choices: Prioritize healthy meals, regular exercise, and sufficient sleep. Physical well-being significantly impacts emotional well-being.

Remember that back-to-school anxiety is a common experience. Parents can help children navigate this transition with resilience and confidence by creating a supportive and understanding environment. With the right strategies, the return to school can become an exciting opportunity for growth and learning for both children and parents alike.

Depression is a complex mental health condition affecting millions of people worldwide. It can manifest as persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and loss of interest in activities once enjoyed. Fortunately, there are various treatment options available, including medication, lifestyle changes, and environmental factors, which can help individuals cope with and manage depression effectively.

Medication can be an essential component of depression treatment, especially for individuals with severe or persistent symptoms. Antidepressant medications, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), work by balancing neurotransmitters in the brain. Neurotransmitters help improve mood and alleviate depressive symptoms.

In addition to medication, lifestyle modifications can significantly impact one’s mental health and well-being, and it’s important for patients to work on improving their lifestyle such as:

• Balanced Diet: Eating a well-balanced diet with plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins provides essential nutrients that support brain health. Omega-3 fatty acids found in fish have shown promise in alleviating depression symptoms.
• Regular Exercise: Engaging in physical activities like walking, jogging, or yoga promotes the release of endorphins, the “feel-good” hormones. Exercise has been shown to reduce symptoms of depression and improve overall mood.
• Sufficient Sleep: Sleep plays a vital role in emotional regulation and cognitive function. Adopting good sleep hygiene practices can improve sleep quality and help manage depressive symptoms.
• Mindfulness and Meditation: Practicing mindfulness and meditation techniques can help individuals gain better control over negative thought patterns and reduce stress.

Environmental factors can both contribute to and mitigate depression. Understanding and addressing these factors is crucial for managing the condition:

• Social Support: A strong social support system can serve as a buffer against depression. Positive relationships with friends, family, or support groups provide emotional validation and reduce feelings of isolation.
• Stressful Life Events: Experiencing traumatic or stressful life events, such as loss, financial difficulties, or job-related stress, can increase the risk of depression. Coping mechanisms and resilience play vital roles in managing these stressors.
• Physical Environment: Living in a safe and supportive environment can positively impact mental health. Access to green spaces, natural light, and a clutter-free living space can create a more positive atmosphere.

Conclusion: Depression is a multifaceted condition that requires a comprehensive approach to treatment. Medication, lifestyle changes, and addressing environmental factors can significantly improve one’s ability to manage and cope with depression. However, it is essential to remember that individual responses to treatment may vary, and seeking professional help is crucial for personalized and effective treatment.

Remember, you are not alone. Reach out for support from loved ones or mental health professionals if you or someone you know is experiencing depression. With the right strategies and support, individuals can lead fulfilling lives, even in the face of depression.

References:

1. Medication for Depression:
   • National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). (2021). “Depression.” Retrieved from: https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/depression/index.shtml
   • Khan A, Faucett J, Lichtenberg P, Kirsch I, Brown WA (2012) A Systematic Review of Comparative Efficacy of Treatments and Controls for Depression. PLoS ONE 7(7): e41778. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0041778
2. Lifestyle Changes to Combat Depression:
   • Harvard Health Publishing. (2021). “Exercise is an all-natural treatment to fight depression.” Retrieved from: https://www.health.harvard.edu/mind-and-mood/exercise-is-an-all-natural-treatment-to-fight-depression
   • Smith, P. J., Blumenthal, J. A., Hoffman, B. M., Cooper, H., Strauman, T. A., Welsh-Bohmer, K., Browndyke, J. N., & Sherwood, A. (2010). “Aerobic exercise and neurocognitive performance: a meta-analytic review of randomized controlled trials.” Psychosomatic Medicine, 72(3), 239-252. doi: 10.1097/PSY.0b013e3181d14633
3. Environmental Factors and Depression:
   • Cohen, S., Underwood, L. G., & Gottlieb, B. H. (2000). “Social Support Measurement and Intervention: A Guide for Health and Social Scientists.” Oxford University Press.
   • Grinde, B., & Patil, G. G. (2009). “Biophilia: Does Visual Contact with Nature Impact on Health and Well-Being?” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 6(9), 2332-2343. doi: 10.3390/ijerph6092332
   • Front. Psychol., 02 September 2020
     Sec. Health Psychology Volume 11 – 2020 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.588604

This month, we are joined at Plain City Druggist by Shannon Peck a fourth-year pharmacy student from The Ohio State University’s College of Pharmacy.

Shannon will graduate in May 2024 with her PharmD degree and will then take the test to become a registered pharmacist. Shannon will be with Tayler and the gang here in Plain City throughout August, so please stop by and meet her while she is here.

Here is what Shannon tells us about herself:

Hello! My name is Shannon Peck, and I am excited to be helping out at Plain City Druggist for the month of August. I am currently a fourth-year pharmacy student, expecting to graduate with my PharmD in the spring. I previously graduated from OSU in 2021 with a Bachelors in Pharmaceutical Sciences and a minor in Spanish.

I have been interested in pharmacy and healthcare since the eighth grade, and have been lucky enough to explore my interests ever since. My intrigue in the profession started after shadowing my cousin at her place of work, a hospital pharmacy. At that point in time, the leeches and robotics were what caught my eye, but I’ve really come to love learning about the chemistry and the reasoning for why drugs work (or maybe don’t work) in the body.

I also like how pharmacy makes you look not only at how the body interacts with drugs, but also how socioeconomic and environmental factors come into play when considering if a certain medicine is a good fit for a patient. Pharmacy can be like detective work, trying to build a complete picture in order to determine if a patient is being treated appropriately.

As of now, my career interests mainly lie in emergency medicine and critical care. I currently work as a pharmacy intern at Mount Carmel Grove City and have been able to shadow in our emergency department (ED) a few times. I’ve really enjoyed my rotations that have taken place in various hospital EDs throughout Columbus. Not only do I like the general atmosphere and energy in these settings, but I also like that they are unpredictable…you never know what you are going to see in the beginning of each workday! This aligns with my overall interest in lifelong learning.

The hospital setting also appeals to me because of the ample opportunities for research. I think I would find it very fulfilling to perform research projects after seeing uncommon disease states in persons as part of a treatment team.

After graduation, I am hoping to continue learning in an ED or ICU setting during PGY1 and PGY2 residencies.

When I’m not working in a pharmacy or studying, you’ll usually find me working as a waitress! I have worked at Skyline Chili for the last 7.5 years, and was recently made a manager there.

I also recently started working at Valentina’s, a new Italian restaurant that just opened in Bridge Park, Dublin. I like that these jobs allow me to stay active and connected with others in my community. I think that my communication skills in a pharmacy setting have been greatly improved by having a background in the service industry. When I first started pharmacy school it surprised me to see just how many skills are transferrable between the two industries.

If I do have a day off of work, I like to spend time playing volleyball with my friends or hanging out with my pets. My family never had any pets while I was growing up, so earlier this year when my brother and I moved into an apartment together, we kept our self-control to a minimum and got both a puppy (Theo) and a cat (Mabel)…best impulse decision ever!

This month, we are joined at Happy Druggist on Karl Road by Deema Alhaj, a fourth-year pharmacy student from The Ohio State University’s College of Pharmacy.

Deema will graduate in May 2024 with her PharmD degree and will then take the test to become a registered pharmacist. Deema will be with Kristie and the staff on Karl Road throughout August, so please stop by and meet her while she is in the pharmacy.

Here is what Deema tells us about her life and goals:

My name is Deema Alhaj. I am a fourth-year pharmacy student at The Ohio State University’s College of Pharmacy.

I am originally from Palestine, but I grew up in Jordan. After completing high school, I embarked on a life-changing adventure that led me to the United States, where I discovered my passion for pharmacy and the wonders of medicine.

In 2015, I took a leap of faith and moved to the US after I met my soulmate and husband, who was born and raised in Columbus, and I immediately started college here.

The first challenge I encountered was language barriers. Determined to overcome this obstacle, I immersed myself in learning English, attending language classes, and practicing with native speakers. As I became more confident in my language skills, I realized that my true calling lay in the field of pharmacy.

Enrolling at The Ohio State University was a significant milestone in my journey. I decided to major in pharmaceutical sciences, driven by my fascination with how medicines work and their potential to improve lives. The coursework was both challenging and rewarding, allowing me to gain a deeper understanding of pharmacology, drug interactions, and patient care.

My dedication and hard work paid off as I was accepted into The Ohio State University’s Doctor of Pharmacy program. It was a dream come true, and I knew that I was on the right path to becoming a pharmacist – an expert in a field that has the power to make a difference in people’s lives.

My passion for pharmacy led me to seek practical experience alongside my academic pursuits. To ensure that this was the right career for me, I decided to work at CVS while completing my studies. Working with customers and being part of their healthcare journey was an eye-opening experience. I enjoyed listening to their concerns and providing valuable advice, reinforcing my desire to pursue a career in this field.

As my knowledge grew, so did my curiosity about pharmacy. Two years ago, I decided to explore hospital pharmacy, aiming to expand my expertise and understanding of the healthcare system. I joined the Wexner Medical Center pharmacy team. It was an enriching experience, where I had the privilege of learning from highly knowledgeable pharmacists who collaborated closely with doctors, nurses, respiratory therapists, and other healthcare professionals. Together, we worked as a cohesive unit to ensure that every patient received the utmost care and attention.

Throughout my journey, I have nurtured a long-term goal – to become an ambulatory care pharmacist. This specialty area aligns perfectly with my passion for patient care and medication management. I envision myself working in an outpatient setting, having direct interactions with patients, and making a positive impact on their lives. Additionally, I aspire to contribute to the field by teaching in a pharmacy school or precepting pharmacy students, sharing my knowledge and experiences to shape the future of pharmacy practice.

Beyond pharmacy, I have another profound passion – traveling. Exploring new destinations with my husband fills my heart with joy and broadens my horizons. Last summer, we embarked on an incredible adventure, visiting four countries in four weeks – Jordan, Turkey, Maldives, and Dubai, UAE. Each place offered unique experiences, cultural richness, and unforgettable memories